What is the main purpose of a base coat in nail application?

The main purpose of a base coat in nail application is to provide a barrier to prevent staining. When colored nail polish is applied directly to the natural nail, there is a risk that the pigments in the polish can stain the surface of the nail, leading to discoloration over time. A base coat creates a protective layer that shields the nail from these pigments, helping to maintain its natural color and health.

Using a base coat not only protects the nails but also improves the overall appearance and longevity of the nail polish. It can enhance the adhesion of the colored polish, allowing for smoother application and a more uniform finish. While base coats can also contain ingredients to strengthen nails or improve texture, their primary and most essential function is to serve as a protective barrier against potential staining from colored polishes.